1. Market Strategies International. Cogent ReportsTM US Institutional Brandscape, February 18. Respondents selected Vanguard as one of three plan providers they most associated with being a company they trusted. Cogent research provides custom research, syndicated research products and evidence-based consulting to organizations in the financial services, life sciences and consumer goods industries. This institutional investor survey was conducted independently by Cogent. Vanguard neither commissioned nor paid to be included. Cogent has conducted unrelated, custom market research for Vanguard in the past.
2. Pensions & Investments, as of June 30, 2018.
3. Ascensus, 2019.